THE ROLE OF GENETIC MARKERS IN ASSESSING THE RISK OF TYPE 2 DIABETES IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
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The aim of this study was to assess the influence of genetic markers on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the offspring of patients diagnosed with this disease.Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that arises due to
either insufficient insulin production or a decreased sensitivity to insulin. It has become
a significant global public health concern, affecting millions of individuals worldwide.
In addition to diminishing the quality of life, T2DM contributes to the development of
severe complications, including cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, and diabetic
retinopathy, ultimately reducing life expectancy. Among the key risk factors
contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes is genetic predisposition, which is
determined by specific genetic markers. Notably, the PPAR-γ gene is considered one of
the most significant markers associated with T2DM. This gene plays a critical role in
regulating cellular sensitivity to insulin and modulating lipid and glucose metabolism.
Certain polymorphisms within this gene have been shown to increase susceptibility to
the disease.
Investigating the influence of these genetic markers in the offspring of diabetic patients
can facilitate the development of personalized preventive strategies. Early identification
of genetic susceptibility enables proactive health monitoring and the implementation of
tailored lifestyle interventions, including healthy nutrition and physical activity. Such an
approach is essential for reducing the overall prevalence of type 2 diabetes and
improving the health outcomes and quality of life of individuals in high-risk populations.
